Friedrichebert stiftung kenya and south sudan office. Friedrichebertstiftung kenya and south sudan office. Ethiopia, kenya, and rwanda all of which are already unmiss. In ethiopia, as a recent development, potential entry points continue being monitored to ensure new arrivals have access to asylum procedures. South of trucking oil southward to the kenyan coast is impractical, and a new. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. The capital city is a regional hub derisively referred to by some neighbours as the london of east africa. With sudansouth sudan conflict on the brink, kenya steps in. The notion of kenya as a ticking time bomb is prevalent within the local population. Less than a year after the old greater sudan split into the northern republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudanor north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. In addition, kenya is strategically located within the east african community and with its perceived relative stability, relatively better infrastructure the country undoubtedly is.
In this excerpt from its watch list 2019 second update, crisis group urges the european union and its member states to support a parliamentary vote and assist with economic reforms. The machakos protocol signed in kenya in 2002 saw a ceasefire signed between sudan and the southern sudanese. We provide applied knowledge services on demand and online. Economic interests among the front line states such as kenya, uganda, ethiopia, and sudan have internationalized the conflict as evident by the post 20.
Kenya is said to have contributed to a south sudans independence. Pdf this paper examines the challenges and prospects of intergovernmental authority on development peace building effort in south sudan. Kenya is a leading country in the east african region with better developed infrastructure and industry. Ending south sudans civil war council on foreign relations. The jubacrisis led to a huge escalation of displacement and by november 2017 approx. Regarding crossborder implications, there are many links with the ongoing conflict in sudan. Itdg practical action eastern africas work in conflict management. Djibouti, eritrea, ethiopia, kenya and uganda has transformed into a less. Sudan, somalia, kenya, tanzania and uganda, providing a brief overview of the history of religion and con. South sudan and the emerging security implications for east. The most recent is amani papers vol 2 no 3 laying down the spear. Promoting sustainable peace in kenya through alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. Conflict between 19551976 and 19832005 between the colonially modernised arab north and the underdeveloped christian and animist south brought widespread civilian suffering. Conflict in these crossborder localities is associated with cattle rustling, whose key.
All signs suggest that the transition from greater sudan to the republics of sudan and south sudan is not the end of a conflict but rather the beginning of multiple new ones. The policy briefs are published by undpkenya through the peace building and conflict prevention unit. As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. Peace building and conflict resolution undp in kenya.
Ethiopia hosts the largest proportion of these refugees 223,724, followed by sudan 192,281, uganda 165,612 and kenya 46,495. Kenya and uganda pastoral conflict case study this case study will analyse the nature of pastoral conflict and its implications for the border areas of kenya and uganda. This was compounded by a devastating famine in 1988. Sudan, kenya sign new mou on illemi and cross border. Concern continues to mount over the raging conflict in south sudan and the impression that the international community has given up on her is even more worrying. South sudan and the emerging security implications for. Sudan postconflict environmental assessment 4 united nations environment programme united nations environment programme united nations environment programme synthesis report introduction in january 2005, after more than two decades of devastating civil war, the sudanese central. Similar subnational variations also distinguish communal conflicts in nigeria, ethiopia, somalia, sudan, kenya, and uganda, the six countries most afflicted by this type of conflicts since 1989 sundberg, eck, and kreutz 2012. The greater horn of africa a region half the size of the united states that includes sudan, eritrea, ethiopia, djibouti, somalia, kenya, and uganda is the hottest conflict zone in the world. Other countries have key economic stakes in the conflict in south sudan. Lessons in mediation from south sudans troubled peace process 3 funneled weapons to the opposition.
N secretary generals special adviser for the prevention of genocide, accused kenya and uganda of fueling the conflict by allowing weapons and ammunitions destined for south sudan to pass through their territories. About gsdrc gsdrc is a partnership of research institutes, thinktanks and consultancy organisations with expertise in governance, social development, humanitarian and conflict issues. South sudan and its people continue to reel from the impacts of years of conflict, violence and limited of development investment. Without robust donor engagement, south sudans crisis appears set to worsenthe. Preventing further conflict and fragmentation in ethiopia. After almost 40 years of war between the sudan government and southern insurgents, southern sudanese voted in a january 2011 referendum to secede from sudan. Somalia, the escalating war in yemen, increased volatility in kenya pre ceding the 2017 presidential elections, the internal conflicts in sudan, and deadly. Eritrea, south sudan, sudan, ethiopia, kenya, puntland. Despite the difficulties encountered in integrating north and south, the most important political issue in postindependence somali politics was the unification of. Unhcr has been receiving on average 300 new arrivals per day.
Ethiopia and eritrea, kenya and egypt support different proxies and their. South sudan conflict estimated as of 7 february 2014. Whereas religion played a role in the struggle against colonialism in sudan, somalia, kenya and tanzania, since independence. Kenya, uganda, ethiopia, and sudan have internationalized the conflict as evident by the post 20 political conflicts and interventions both militarily and. The case of south sudans agreement on the resolution of the. Southern sudan has agreed to plans by kenya to build immigration offices at the nadapal border point. For example, the 19992001 droughts killed entire stock of the turkana community thus increasing pressure on them to steal from other communities to increase their stock. The agreement was reached after a highlevel diplomatic meeting in lokichoggio on monday. Whereas religion played a role in the struggle against colonialism in sudan, somalia, kenya. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan.
Until its october 2011 incursion into somalia, the kdf had not engaged in battlefield combat with an enemy force. There is a widespread expectation that violent conflict could erupt even before the 2017 elections as the longstanding grievances that fueled violence in 200708, and were merely suppressed during the 20 general elections, have not been resolved. Since the intergovernmental authority on development igad assembly of heads of states and governments held in nairobi on 27th december 20 arrogated to itself the mediation role in the conflict in south sudan, it was clear that it would be difficult for it to perform this self ascribed role with impartially. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service summary south sudan, which separated from sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 20, when a political dispute that overlapped with preexisting ethnic and political fault lines turned violent. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service 1 background south sudan emerged in 2011 as the worlds newest country, and one of its least developed. The crossborder areas with somalia, ethiopia, southern sudan and uganda have been characterized by conflict since time immemorial. While insecurity and conflict in these areas is often characterised as arising from competition over scarce resources, there are broader dimensions to these conflicts. Igad is unfit to mediate in the south sudans conflict. Kenya as of 7 february, kenya has received over 14,000 refugees from south sudan, with women and children representing 80 per cent of those registered. Kenya has raised troops for peace operations in some of these countries including sudan south sudan and somalia as a proactive measure to prevent conflicts from escalating into kenya.
Her research and publications since 2001 have focused on the historical and contemporary role of chiefs in southern sudan, and related issues of governance, state. An additional 4,164 who were displaced before the december 20 conflict are also hosted in. Lessons in mediation from south sudan s troubled peace process 3 funneled weapons to the opposition. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the. Oil exports from the south had been halted and other conflicts had broken. It was the first of many agreements that led to the creation of southern sudan autonomous region which later on led to the independence of south sudan in 2011. Last month, kenya, ethiopia and south sudan broke ground on a monumental oil pipeline linking south sudans oil fields with a kenyan coastal port. Highprofile assassinations, intercommunal violence and the question of sidama statehood have endangered ethiopias transition to a multiparty democracy. South sudan and kenya al jazeera center for studies. The volume of the niles annual flow is 84 billion cubic metres.
Representation and access to these resources have often been. Igad, political settlements and peace building in south sudan. Submissions for amani papers are welcome throughout the year. The ilemi triangle is an area reportedly named after anyuak chief ilemi akwon, a territory claimed by south sudan and kenya and borders ethiopia. The future of transboundary water disputes over the worlds longest river jack di nunzio. The interethnic conflict in the ilemi triangle is basically between the toposa, turkana in kenya, and nyangatom of ethiopia. Conflict assessment, 2014 northern kenya and somaliland.
In kenya, conflicts among pastoral communities are manifold. South sudan humanitarian needs overview 2020 november. Kenya, rwanda, sudan, south sudan, tanzania, uganda and the democratic republic of the congo drc. Conflict profile after its independence in 1964, governments continuation of divide and rule tactics, forced displacement, and arbitrary borders of the colonial era left deep wounds in kenyan society. Kenya denies fuelling s sudan conflict daily nation.
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